Questões de Vestibular de Inglês - Tradução | Translation
Foram encontradas 162 questões
Ano: 2019
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
SÃO CAMILO
Prova:
VUNESP - 2019 - SÃO CAMILO - Processo Seletivo - 2º Semestre de 2019 - Medicina |
Q1798253
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Worshiping the false idols of wellness
Before we go further, I’d like to clear something up:
wellness is not the same as medicine. Medicine is the science
of reducing death and disease, and increasing long and
healthy lives. Wellness used to mean a blend of health and
happiness. Something that made you feel good or brought
joy and was not medically harmful — perhaps a massage or
a walk along the beach. But it has become a false antidote to
the fear of modern life and death.
The wellness industry takes medical terminology, such as
“inflammation” or “free radicals,” and polishes it to the point of
incomprehension. The resulting product is a “Do It Yourself”
medicine for longevity that comes with a confidence that
science can only aspire to achieve.
Let’s take the trend of adding a pinch of activated charcoal
to your food or drink. While the black color is strikingly
unexpected and alluring, it’s sold as a supposed “detox.”
Guess what? It has the same efficacy as a spell from the local
witch. Maybe it’s a matter of aesthetics. Wellness potions in
beautiful jars with untested ingredients of unknown purity are
practically packaged for Instagram.
Medicine and religion have long been deeply intertwined,
and it’s only relatively recently that they have separated.
The wellness-industrial complex seeks to resurrect that
connection. It’s like a medical throwback, as if the idyllic days
of health were 5,000 years ago. Ancient cleansing rituals
with a modern twist — supplements, useless products and
scientifically unsupported tests.
The dietary supplements that are the backbone of
wellness make up a $30 billion a year business despite studies
showing they have no value for longevity (only a few vitamins
have proven medical benefits, like folic acid before and during
pregnancy and vitamin D for older people at risk of falling).
Modern medicine wants you to get your micronutrients from
your diet, which is inarguably the most natural source.
Yet the wellness-industrial complex has managed to
pervert that narrative and make supplements a necessary tool
for nonsensical practices, such as boosting the immune system
or fighting the war on inflammation. The resulting fluorescent
yellow urine from multivitamins may provide a false sense of
efficacy, but it’s a fool’s gold (and the consequence of excessive
B2 that couldn’t possibly be absorbed). So what’s the harm of
spending money on charcoal for non-existent toxins or vitamins
for expensive urine? Here’s what: the placebo effect or “trying
something natural” can lead people with serious illnesses to
postpone effective medical care. However, I admit that doctors
can learn something from wellness. It’s clear that some people
are looking for healers, so we must find ways to serve that need
that are medically ethical.
(Jen Gunter. www.nytimes.com, 01.08.2018. Adaptado.)
O trecho inicial do primeiro parágrafo “Before we go further”
tem sentido equivalente, em português, a
Ano: 2019
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
SÃO CAMILO
Prova:
VUNESP - 2019 - SÃO CAMILO - Processo Seletivo - 1º Semestre de 2020- Medicina Prova II |
Q1797674
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The fantastic appeal of fantasy
The fantasy genre starts where science ends
Few things can brighten up a dark morning in a Scottish
seaside resort during an Atlantic storm. Yet while sheltering in
a bookshop from the rain, I had a moment of sunny revelation.
Stacked almost as high as my 11-year-old self were copies of
The Lord of the Rings, with a cover illustration that promised
mystery and magic. That chance discovery started a lifelong
love of the fantasy genre1
, both as reader and writer.
The fantasy genre has had more and more success, but
today we’re in the middle of an unprecedented fantasy boom.
Sales continue to rise and it is now the biggest genre in
publishing. The more rational the world gets, with super-science
all around us, the more we demand the irrational in our fiction.
Fantasy is not simply a case of swords2
and sorcery3
.
Yes, there is that by the shelf. But the genre is as broad as the
imagination. The genre starts where science ends.
“In these modern times, where most of us sit at computers,
fantasy books offer a chance to break out of mundane
moments,” says Mark Newton, an editor with the genre.
“People like to explore themes that go beyond the limited
palette that literary fiction claims to offer.”
A search for the origins of fantasy will usually have
academics muttering about Beowulf or Homer’s The Iliad, but
they come from a time when all stories were fantasy: gods and
monsters and supernatural artefacts with humanity caught in
the middle. The first modern fantasy writer is usually considered
to be William Morris, in the late 19th Century. But it was the
early 20th Century where fantasy really started to gain status.
Fantasy fiction has always been about visionary ideas.
You can get artful words in plenty of literary fiction, but being
able to see beyond the boundaries4
of the world around us —
now that’s a special skill.
I don’t write fantasy fiction simply to provide a trapdoor5
from the real world. For me, the genre is about the reality. But
instead of coming up against it, fantasy maps the unconscious
aspirations of our modern society through allegory in story-
-forms as old as humanity. It’s about turning off the mobile
phone and the computer and remembering who we are in the
deepest parts of ourselves.
(Mark Chadbourn. www.telegraph.co.uk, 12.04.2008. Adaptado.)
1genre: gênero. Categoria distintiva de composição literária, como romance,
poesia etc.
2sword: espada.
3sorcery: feitiçaria.
4boundary: fronteira.
5trapdoor: alçapão
No trecho “But instead of coming up against it, fantasy maps
the unconscious aspirations of our modern society” (7° parágrafo), a expressão sublinhada tem sentido equivalente, em
português, a
Ano: 2019
Banca:
VUNESP
Órgão:
SÃO CAMILO
Prova:
VUNESP - 2019 - SÃO CAMILO - Processo Seletivo - 1º Semestre de 2020- Medicina Prova II |
Q1797671
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The fantastic appeal of fantasy
The fantasy genre starts where science ends
Few things can brighten up a dark morning in a Scottish
seaside resort during an Atlantic storm. Yet while sheltering in
a bookshop from the rain, I had a moment of sunny revelation.
Stacked almost as high as my 11-year-old self were copies of
The Lord of the Rings, with a cover illustration that promised
mystery and magic. That chance discovery started a lifelong
love of the fantasy genre1
, both as reader and writer.
The fantasy genre has had more and more success, but
today we’re in the middle of an unprecedented fantasy boom.
Sales continue to rise and it is now the biggest genre in
publishing. The more rational the world gets, with super-science
all around us, the more we demand the irrational in our fiction.
Fantasy is not simply a case of swords2
and sorcery3
.
Yes, there is that by the shelf. But the genre is as broad as the
imagination. The genre starts where science ends.
“In these modern times, where most of us sit at computers,
fantasy books offer a chance to break out of mundane
moments,” says Mark Newton, an editor with the genre.
“People like to explore themes that go beyond the limited
palette that literary fiction claims to offer.”
A search for the origins of fantasy will usually have
academics muttering about Beowulf or Homer’s The Iliad, but
they come from a time when all stories were fantasy: gods and
monsters and supernatural artefacts with humanity caught in
the middle. The first modern fantasy writer is usually considered
to be William Morris, in the late 19th Century. But it was the
early 20th Century where fantasy really started to gain status.
Fantasy fiction has always been about visionary ideas.
You can get artful words in plenty of literary fiction, but being
able to see beyond the boundaries4
of the world around us —
now that’s a special skill.
I don’t write fantasy fiction simply to provide a trapdoor5
from the real world. For me, the genre is about the reality. But
instead of coming up against it, fantasy maps the unconscious
aspirations of our modern society through allegory in story-
-forms as old as humanity. It’s about turning off the mobile
phone and the computer and remembering who we are in the
deepest parts of ourselves.
(Mark Chadbourn. www.telegraph.co.uk, 12.04.2008. Adaptado.)
1genre: gênero. Categoria distintiva de composição literária, como romance,
poesia etc.
2sword: espada.
3sorcery: feitiçaria.
4boundary: fronteira.
5trapdoor: alçapão
O sentido do trecho sublinhado em “fantasy books offer a
chance to break out of mundane moments” (4°
parágrafo)
está mantido, em português, do seguinte modo:
Q1783326
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.
The Internet of Things
The “Internet of Things” (IoT) is becoming an increasingly growing topic of conversation both in the workplace and outside of it. It’s a concept that not only has the potential to impact how we live but also how we work. But what exactly is the “Internet of Things” and what impact is it going to have on you, if any? There are a lot of complexities around the “Internet of Things” but we want to stick to the basics. Lots of technical and policyrelated conversations are being had but many people are still just trying to grasp the foundation of what the heck these conversations are about.
Let’s start with understanding a few things.
Broadband Internet is becoming more widely available, the cost of connecting is decreasing, more devices are being created with Wi-Fi capabilities and sensors built into them, technology costs are going down, and smartphone penetration is sky-rocketing. All of these things are creating a “perfect storm” for the IoT.
So What Is The Internet of Things?
Simply put, this is the concept of basically connecting any device with an on and off switch to the Internet (and/or to each other). This includes everything from cellphones, coffee makers, washing machines, headphones, lamps, wearable devices and almost anything else you can think of.
So what now?
The new rule for the future is going to be, “Anything that can be connected, will be connected.”
Em termos de sentido, verifica-se que
Ano: 2015
Banca:
FCC
Órgão:
UNINOVE
Prova:
FCC - 2015 - UNINOVE - Processo Seletivo Medicina - Conhecimentos Gerais |
Q1782401
Inglês
Texto associado
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
You need only go back 70 years to a time when a scratch and a common infection could prove deadly. Routine surgery and childbirth could be a hazardous business. Penicillin had been discovered in 1928 by Sir Alexander Fleming, but human trials did not begin for over a decade. The first patient was an Oxford policeman, Albert Alexander, who had scratched his face on a rose bush and the wound became seriously infected (another historical version has him injured in a bombing raid). He was treated with penicillin and his condition rapidly improved, but supplies ran out before he could be cured and he died. By the end of the war penicillin was being widely produced, and other drugs quickly followed - marking the start of the antibiotic era.
So most of us have grown up with these miracle drugs readily available. It’s understandable that patients and some doctors simply can’t comprehend the concept of a pre-antibiotic world. But that is what’s at stake unless the threat is taken seriously.
• Rise of superbugs
Much of modern medicine is now underpinned by antibiotics. Surgery is more invasive than ever: from hip replacements to cancer treatment and transplants - antibiotics are essential to prevent and treat infection. There have been repeated calls on doctors to curb the overuse of antibiotics going back many years.
Whilst it is important that the NHS (National Health System in England) exercises better stewardship of antibiotics, it is worth remembering that this is a global problem that requires global solutions. Superbug infections respect no borders and have spread from continent to continent with ease. This is a serious concern because many developing countries have far poorer controls on antibiotic use.
• Misuse
Last year the World Health Organization found that some antibiotics could be bought legally over the counter in 19 out of 43 European countries surveyed. Then there is the widespread misuse of antibiotics in agriculture, in farmed animals and fish. More antibiotics are used in livestock production than for human health and there is widespread concern about the use of long-term, low-dose antibiotics in animal feed in countries like the US, China and India.
Part of the problem is due to simple evolutionary pressure: bacteria are constantly evolving, and resistant strains emerging. This means there is a constant battle to stay ahead of the germs. But developing new antibiotics has proved hugely difficult - it’s nearly 30 years since the last new class of antibiotics came on the market.
No trecho inicial do quinto parágrafo “some antibiotics could
be bought legally over the counter in 19 out of 43 European
countries surveyed”, a expresssão em destaque equivale, em
português, a